Summary
Paul opens by affirming that God has not forsaken His chosen people, citing Abraham and the tribe of Benjamin to establish his own Israelite identity. He draws on the prophet Elijah’s plea for mercy against Israel’s apostasy, showing that God preserves a remnant by grace. Using the olive‑tree metaphor, Paul explains that Gentiles have been grafted into the tree of Israel, and that Israel’s branches are being cut for the benefit of the Gentile fruit. He warns believers not to become proud of their graft but to remain faithful, lest they too be cut. The chapter ends with a hopeful promise that all Israel will be saved, and that God’s covenant will bring ultimate deliverance to the people of God.